Оливер Стоун - Нерассказанная история США
106. Yergin Daniel. The Prize: The Epic Quest for Oil, Money, and Power. – NY: Simon & Schuster, 1991. – P. 408.
107. Stivers William. The Incomplete Blockade: Soviet Zone Supply of West Berlin, 1948–1949 // Diplomatic History. – № 2. – 1997. – P. 569–570; Carolyn Eisenberg, The Myth of the Berlin Blockade and the Early Cold War // Ellen Schrecker, ed.
Cold War Triumphalism: The Misuse of History After the Fall of Communism (New York: New Press, 2004), 174–200.
108. Woods Eisenberg Carolyn. Drawing the Line: The American Decision to Divide Germany, 1944–1949. – NY: Cambridge University Press, 1998. – P. 440.
109. Carroll James. House of War: The Pentagon and the Disastrous Rise of American Power. – NY: Houghton Mifflin, 2006. – P. 148.
110. Culver John C., Hyde John. American Dreamer: The Life and Times of Henry A. Wallace. – NY: W. W. Norton, 2000. – P. 456–457.
111. Там же. – P. 466–467.
112. Там же. – P. 464–470.
113. Там же. – P. 502.
114. PPS/23, “Review of Current Trends: U. S. Foreign Policy”, February 24, 1948, Foreign Relations of the United States, 1948, vol. 1, Part 2 (Washington, DC: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1975), 524–525.
115. The Tragedy of China // New York Times. – 1949. – January 24.
116. Duel for Asia // New York Times. – 1949. – December 18.
117. Chennault Sees War in Loss of China // Washington Post. – 1949. – June 26.
118. Truman Margaret. Harry S. Truman. – NY: William Morrow, 1973. – P. 412.
119. Harry Truman, Statement by the President on Announcing the First Atomic Explosion in the U.S.S.R., September 23, 1949 // Public Papers of the Presidents: Harry S. Truman, 1945–1953, Truman Library.
120. Groves of Illusion // Los Angeles Times. – 1946. – February 28.
121. Bird Kai, Sherwin Martin J. American Prometheus: The Triumph and Tragedy of J. Robert Oppenheimer. – NY: Vintage Books, 2005. – P. 417.
122. DeGroot Gerard J. The Bomb: A Life. – Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2005. – P. 145–147.
123. Public Was Deluded on Bomb, Dewey Says // New York Times. – 1949.—September 24.
124. Lucas Blasts Gutter Politics over Red Atom // Chicago Tribune. – 1949. – October 10.
125. Who Is Winning? // New York Times. – 1949. – October 9.
126. William Laurence. Russ Bomb Heralds New Atom Era – as Predicted // Los Angeles Times. – 1949. – September 25.
127. Lilienthal D. E. The Atomic Energy Years, 1945–1950, vol. 2. – P. 584–585.
128. Forrestal Hopes to Keep His Job // Los Angeles Times. – 1948. – October 10; Pearson Drew. Pearson Replies // Washington Post. – 1949. – May 30.
129. Four Forrestal Suicide Bids, Says Pearson // Los Angeles Times. – 1949. – May 23; Carroll James. House of War: The Pentagon and the Disastrous Rise of American Power. – NY: Houghton Mifflin, 2006. – P. 151.
130. Childs Marquis. Washington Calling: Food for Propaganda // Washington Post. – 1949. – May 5.
Глава 6. Эйзенхауэр: неприглядная картина1. Leffler Melvyn P. For the Soul of Mankind: The United States, the Soviet Union and the Cold War. – NY: Hill and Wang, 2007. – P. 91.
2. DeGroot Gerard J. The Bomb: A Life. – Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2005. – P. 153.
3. Herken Gregg. The Winning Weapon: The Atomic Bomb in the Cold War. – NY: Vintage Books, 1982. – P. 279, 293–297.
4. Lilienthal David E. The Atomic Energy Years, 1945–1950, vol. 2: The Journals of David E. Lilienthal / Ed. Helen M. Lilienthal. – NY: Harper & Row, 1964. – P. 582.
5. McMillan Priscilla J. The Ruin of J. Robert Oppenheimer and the Birth of the Modern Arms Race. – NY: Viking, 2005. – P. 24.
6. USAEC General Advisory Committee Report on the ‘Super’, October 30, 1949 // The American Atom: A Documentary History of Nuclear Policies from the Discovery of Fission to the Present, 1939–1984, ed. Robert C. Williams and Philip L. Cantelon (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1984), 124–127.
7. Bird Kai, Sherwin Martin J. American Prometheus: The Triumph and Tragedy of J. Robert Oppenheimer. – NY: Vintage Books, 2005. – P. 427.
8. Einstein Albert. Einstein on Politics: His Private Thoughts and Public Stands on Nationalism, Zionism, War, Peace, and the Bomb / Ed. David E. Rowe and Robert Schulmann. – Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2007. – 404.
9. Szilard Leo. Toward a Livable World. / Ed. Helen S. Hawkins, G. Allen Greb, and Gertrud Weiss Szilard. – Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1987. – 84 p.
10. William Faulkner, Nobel Prize Banquet Speech, December 10, 1950, http: // www. nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/literature/laureates/1949/faulkner-speech.html.
11. “NSC 68: United States Objectives and Programs for National Security (April 14, 1950)”, in American Cold War Strategy: Interpreting NSC 68, ed. Ernest R. May (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1993), 25, 28, 38, 55.
12. Griffith Robert. The Politics of Fear: Joseph R. McCarthy and the Senate. – Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1970. – P. 49.
13. Schrecker Ellen. Many Are the Crimes: McCarthyism in America. – Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1998. – P. 206.
14. Sherry Michael S. In the Shadow of War: The United States Since the 1930s. – New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1995. – P. 174.
15. Schrecker, Many Are the Crimes, xiii, 267–268.
16. Mary McCarthy, Naming Names: The Arthur Miller Case // Mary McCarthy, On the Contrary (New York: Farrar, Straus, and Cudahy, 1961), 154.
17. I. F. Stone, Must Americans Become Informers? // I. F. Stone, The Truman Era (1953; reprint, New York: Random House, 1972), 99.
18. Richard H. Pells, The Liberal Mind in a Conservative Age: American Intellectuals in the 1940s and 1950s, 2nd ed. (Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 1989), 322.
19. Ceplair Larry, Englund Steven. The Inquisition in Hollywood: Politics in the Film Community, 1930–1960. – NY: Anchor Press / Doubleday, 1980. – P. 386–388, 403–407, 418–422.
20. Schrecker Ellen. Many Are the Crimes: McCarthyism in America. – Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1998. – P. 369–370.
21. Vincent Joseph Intondi, “From Harlem to Hiroshima: African Americans and the Bomb, 1945–1968”, PhD dissertation, American University, 2009.
22. Johnson David K. The Lavender Scare: The Cold War Persecution of Gays and Lesbians in the Federal Government. – C: University of Chicago Press, 2004. – P. 166–168.
23. Schrecker Ellen. Many Are the Crimes: McCarthyism in America. – Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1998. – P. 208, 212, 216, 227.
24. Leffler Melvyn P. A Preponderance of Power: National Security, the Truman Administration, and the Cold War. – Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1992. – P. 365.
25. War in Korea // New York Times. – 1960. – June 26.
26. Halberstam David. The Coldest Winter: America and the Korean War. – NY: Hyperion, 2007. – P. 2.
27. Lloyd C. Gardner, The Dulles Years: 1953–1959 // From Colony to Empire: Essays on the History of American Foreign Relations, ed. William Appleman Williams (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1972), 375–376.
28. Ibid., 371–372.
29. Halberstam David. The Coldest Winter: America and the Korean War. – NY: Hyperion, 2007. – P. 92–93.
30. Deborah Welch Larson, Bandwagon Images in American Foreign Policy: Myth or Reality? // Dominoes and Bandwagons, ed. Robert Jervis and Jack Snyder (New York: Oxford University Press, 1991), 96.
31. Truman Lauds ‘Brilliant’ Victory by MacArthur // Los Angeles Times. – 1950. – September 30.
32. Beisner Robert L. Dean Acheson: A Life in the Cold War. – NY: Oxford University Press, 2006. – P. 404.
33. Zubok Vladislav M. A Failed Empire: The Soviet Union in the Cold War from Stalin to Gorbachev. – Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2007. – P. 78.
34. Truman Harry S. Memoirs: Years of Trial and Hope. – NY: Doubleday, 1956. – P. 375.
35. Halberstam David. The Coldest Winter: America and the Korean War. – NY: Hyperion, 2007. – P. 14–16, 386, 390–391.
36. Statement by Gen. MacArthur // New York Times. – 1950. – November 29.
37. Cumings Bruce. Korea’s Place in the Sun. – NY: W. W. Norton, 1997. – P. 272; Gerson Joseph. Empire and the Bomb: How the U. S. Uses Nuclear Weapons to Dominate the World. – L: Pluto Press, 2007. – P. 288; Pearson Drew. Korea Briefing Startled British // Washington Post. – 1950. – December 8.
38. Brinkley Alan. The Publisher: Henry Luce and His American Century. – NY: Alfred A. Knopf, 2010. – P. 365.
39. Speeches by Warren Austin of U.S. and Wu Hsiu-chuan of Red China in Security Council // New York Times. – 1950. – November 29.
40. Veysey Arthur. Attlee to Tell Truman: Don’t Use Atom Bomb // Chicago Tribune. – 1950. – December 2.
41. Cumings Bruce. Korea’s Place in the Sun. – NY: W. W. Norton, 1997. – P. 81; Cumings Bruce. The Origins of the Korean War, vol. 2: The Roaring of the Cataract, 1947–1950. – Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1990. – P. 749–750.
42. Hunt Michael H. Crises in U. S. Foreign Policy. – New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1996. – P. 217–218.
43. Rivers Urges A-Bomb Against Reds // Miami Daily News. – 1950. – November 28.
44. Congressmen Split on Use of Atom Bomb // Chicago Tribune. – 1950. – December 1.
45. Miller Richard Lee. Under the Cloud: The Decades of Nuclear Testing. – The Woodlands, TX: Two Sixty Press, 1991. – P. 101.
46. Rosenthal A. M. U. N. Circles Wary on Atom Bomb Use // New York Times. – 1950. – December 1.
47. Bruce. The Origins of the Korean War, vol. 2: The Roaring of the Cataract, 19471950. – Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1990. – P. 750.
48. Sulzberger C. L. U. S. Prestige Ebbs on Korea, Europe-Asia Survey Shows // New York Times. – 1950. – December 7.
49. Cumings Bruce. The Korean War: A History. – NY: Modern Library, 2010. – P. 156.
50. Offner Arnold A. Another Such Victory: President Truman and the Cold War, 1945–1953. – Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2002. – P. 402.
51. Hastings Max. The Korean War. – NY: Simon & Schuster, 1987. – P. 201.
52. Cumings Bruce. The Origins of the Korean War, vol. 2: The Roaring of the Cataract, 1947–1950. – Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1990. – P. 750–751.
53. Halberstam David. The Coldest Winter: America and the Korean War. – NY: Hyperion, 2007. – P. 607.
54. McCarthy Charges Treason with Bourbon // Los Angeles Times. – 1951.—April 13.
55. Richard H. Rovere and Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., General MacArthur and President Truman: The Struggle for Control of American Foreign Policy (1951; reprint, New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers, 1992), 276–277.
56. Halberstam David. The Coldest Winter: America and the Korean War. – NY: Hyperion, 2007. – P. 609.
57. Beisner Robert L. Dean Acheson: A Life in the Cold War. – NY: Oxford University Press, 2006. – P. 432.
58. Beisner Robert L. Dean Acheson: A Life in the Cold War. – NY: Oxford University Press, 2006. – P. 433, 446.
59. Barrett George. Radio Hams in U. S. Discuss Girls, So Shelling of Seoul Is Held Up // New York Times. – 1951. – February 9.
60. Stone I. F. The Hidden History of the Korean War. – NY: Monthly Review Press, 1969. – P. 313.
61. Bruce Cumings, American Airpower and Nuclear Strategy in Northeast Asia Since 1945 // in War and State Terrorism: The United States, Japan, and the Asia-Pacific in the Long Twentieth Century, ed. Mark Selden and Alvin Y. So (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2004), 76.
62. Cumings Bruce // Dominion from Sea to Sea: Pacific Ascendancy and American Power. – New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2009. – P. 340–341.
63. Gaddis John Lewis. Russia, The Soviet Union, and the United States: An Interpretive History. – NY: Alfred A. Knopf, 1978. – P. 212.
64. Thomas C. Reeves, The Life and Times of Joe McCarthy (1982; reprint, Lanham, MD: Madison Books, 1997), 451.
65. Ibid., 436.
66. Ambrose Stephen E. Eisenhower: The President, vol. 2. – NY: Simon & Schuster, 1984. – P. 55.
67. Shaffer Samuel. Behind Nixon’s Speech // Newsweek. – 1952. – October 6. – 25 p.
68. Ambrose Stephen E. Eisenhower: Soldier and President. – NY: Simon & Schuster, 1990. – P. 218.
69. Dwight D. Eisenhower, The Long Pull for Peace: Extracts from the Final Report of the Chief of Staff General of the Army Dwight D. Eisenhower // The Army Information Digest, April 1948, 41.
70. Chernus Ira. Apocalypse Management: Eisenhower and the Discourse of National Security. – Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2008. – P. 30–31.
71. LaFeber Walter. America, Russia, and the Cold War, 1945–2006. – B: McGrawHill, 2008. – P. 147.
72. Leffler Melvyn P. For the Soul of Mankind: The United States, the Soviet Union and the Cold War. – NY: Hill and Wang, 2007. – P. 104.
73. Larres Klaus. Churchill’s Cold War: The Politics of Personal Diplomacy. – New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2002. – P. 189–193.
74. Text of Speech by Eisenhower Outlining Proposals for Peace in World // New York Times. – 1953. – April 17.
75. Highway of Peace // New York Times. – 1953. – April 17. – P. 24.
76. Eisenhower’s Peace Program // Washington Post. – 1953. – April 17. – P. 26.
77. Lloyd Gardner, Poisoned Apples: John Foster Dulles and the ‘Peace Offensive’ // The Cold War After Stalin’s Death, ed. Klaus Larres and Kenneth Osgood (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2006), 85.
78. Schlesinger Arthur M. Jr. The Cycles of American History. – B: Houghton Mifflin, 1999. – P. 399.
79. Haldeman H. R., DiMona Joseph. The Ends of Power. – NY: Dell, 1978. – P. 121–122. Nixon Richard. The Real War. – NY: Simon & Schuster, 1990. – P. 255.
80. Halliday Jon, Cumings Bruce. Korea: The Unknown War. – NY: Penguin, 1990.– P. 203.
81. Halliday Jon, Cumings Bruce. Korea: The Unknown War. – NY: Penguin, 1990.– P. 204.
82. Dwight MacDonald, America! America! // 50 Years of Dissent, ed. Nicolaus Mills and Michael Walzer (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2004), 50.
