Фелипе Фернандес-Арместо - Цивилизации
1002
Hasan, op. cit., pp. 129–130.
1003
Al-Masudi, Les Prairies d'or, ed. B. Meynard and P. Courteille, 9 vols (Paris, 1861–1914), vol. iii (1897), p. 6; M. Longworth Dames, ed., The Book of Duarte Barbosa, 2 vols (London, The Hakluyt Society, 1898), vol. i, p. 4; C. R. Boxer, ed.. The Tragic History of the Sea, 1589–1622 (London, The Hakluyt Society, 1959).
1004
‘Narrative of the Journey of Abder-Razzak’ в книге R. H. Major, ed., India in the Fifteenth Century (London, The Hakluyt Society, 1857), p. 7.
1005
Villiers, Monsoon Seas: the Story of the Indian Ocean (New York, 1952.), pp. 56–57.
1006
Buzurg ibn Shahriyar of Ramhormouz, The Book of the Wonders of India, ed. G. S. P. Freeman-Grenville (London, 1981), pp. 49ff.
1007
Tampoe, op. cit., p. 121; J. Zang, ‘Relations between China and the Arabs’, Journal of Oman Studies, vi: part I (1983), pp. 99-109, особ. p. 99; J. C. van Leur, Indonesian Trade and Society: Essays in Asian Social and Economic History (The Hague, 1955), pp. 85–86; J. Takakusu, ed., l-tsing: a Record of the Buddhist Religion (Oxford, 1896), pp. xxvii-xxx, xlvi.
1008
Ma Huan, The Overall Survey of the Ocean Shores, ed J. V. G. Mills (London, The Hakluyt Society, 1970), pp. 15–18.
1009
Ibid., p. 27.
1010
Buondelmonti, Descriptio Insule Crete et Liber Insularum, с. XI: Creta, ed. M.-A. van Spitael (Herakleion, 1981).
1011
J. H. Pryor, Geography, Technology and War: Studies in the Maritime History of the Mediterranean, 649-1571 (Cambridge, 1988), pp. 1–3, 23, 36, 51, 89–90, 98; cm. F. Braudel, La Mediterranee et le monde mediterraneen a Vepoque de Philippe II, 2 vols (Paris, 1966), vol. i, pp. 331–335.
1012
P. Chaunu, Conquete et exploitation des nouveaux mondes (XVIe siecle) Paris, 1969), pp. 277-90; Seville et VAtlantique (1504–1650), part I, vol. vi (Paris, 1956), pp. 178–189, 312–321.
1013
G. Parker, The Grand Strategy of Philip II (New Haven and London, 1998), p. 50.
1014
J. Spencer Trimingham, Islam in West Africa (Oxford, 1944), p. 144; J. O. Hunwick, ‘Religion and State in the Songhay Empire, 1464-159Г, в книге I. M. Lewis, ed., Islam in Tropical Africa (Oxford 1966), pp. 296–317.
1015
The Wealth of Nations, TV, vii, b.61 (London, 1937, p. 590).
1016
Disney, ‘Vasco da Gama’s Reputation for Violence: the Alleged Atrocities at Calicut in 1502’, Indica, xxxii (1995), pp. 11–28; S. Subrahmanyam, The Career and Legend of Vasco da Gama (Cambridge, 1997), pp. 205–210, 318.
1017
Конец века (фр.), здесь: исходы.
1018
Мировой политики (нем.).
1019
F. W. Mote, ‘The Chieng-hua and Hungchih Reigns, 1464–1505’, в книге D. Twitchett and К. K. Fairbank, eds, The Cambridge History of China, vol. vii (Cambridge, 1988), pp. 343–402; я прежде всего имею в виду картину By Вея «Мудрец, сидящий под деревом» в музее изящных искусств в Бостоне. См. также R. М. Burchart et al., Painters of the Great Ming: the Imperial Court and the Zhe School (Dallas, 1993).
1020
Stein, Vijayanagar, pp. 111–112; G. Michell, Architecture and Art of South India (Cambridge, 1995), pp. 13, 39, pi. 13.
1021
F. Fernandez-Armesto, ‘O Mundo dos 1490’ в книге D. Curto, ed., О Tempo de Vasco da Gama (Lisbon, 1998), pp 43–58.
1022
Ibid., pp. 191–207; C. F. Petry, Protectors or Praetorians: the Last Mamluk Sultans and Egypt's Waning as a Great Power (Cambridge, Mass., 1994).
1023
Суша, земля (лат.).
1024
F. Fernandez-Armesto, Before Columbus: Exploration and Colonisation from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic, 1229–1492 (Philadelphia, 1987), p. 201.
1025
P. Brummett, Ottoman Seapower and Levantine Diplomacy in the Age of Discovery (New Haven, 1994); A. C. Hess, ‘The Evolution of the Ottoman Seaborne Empire in the Age of the Oceanic Discoveries, 1453–1525’, American Historical Review, lxxv (1970), pp. 1892–1919.
1026
J. Martin, Treasure of the Land of Darkness (Cambridge, 1986), pp. 83, 95; ‘Muscovy’s North-east Expansion: the Context and a Cause’, Cahiers du monde russe et sovietique, xxiv, no. 4 (1983), pp. 459–470; Y. Semyonov, Siberia (London, 1963), p. 23; M. Alef, ‘Muscovite Military Reforms in the Second Half of the Fifteenth Century’, Forschungen zur osteuropdischen Geschichte, xviii (1973), pp. 73-108.
1027
Рассказы о необыкновенном, необычном (лат.).
1028
S. van Herberstein, Notes upon Russia, ed. R. H. Major, 2 vols (London, The Hakluyt Society, 1852), ii, 42.
1029
Van Leur, op. cit., pp. 122, 268-89; A. H. Lybyer, ‘The Ottoman Turks and the Routes of Oriental Trade’, English Historical Review, xxx (1915), pp. 577–588; A. Disney, ed., Historiography of Europeans in Africa and Asia, 1450–1800 (Aldershot, 1995), pp. xii-xvi.
1030
G. Winius, ‘The Shadow Empire of Goa in the Bay of Bengal’, Itinerario, vii (1983), pp. 83-101; S. Subrahmanyam, Improvising Empire: Portuguese Trade and Settlement in the Bay of Bengal, 1500–1700 (Delhi, 1990).
1031
Subrahmanyam, op. cit., pp. 145–148.
1032
Мелкопоместный дворянин (фр.).
1033
J. de Barros, Asia: Dicadas I & II, ed. A. Baiao (Lisbon, 1932), p. 80; I. vi, 1.
1034
Fernandez-Armesto, op. cit, p. 283.
1035
К. С. Chaudhuri, Asia Before Europe (Cambridge, 1986), pp. 346–349.
1036
Plato, Timaeus (24E-25D; trans. R. G. Bury (London, 1929), p. 43).
1037
Версия публиковалась в ltinerario, xxiv (2000).
1038
S. Е. Morison, The European Discovery of America: the Southern Voyages (New York, 1974), pp. 502–517; L. Olschki, ‘Ponce de Leon’s Fountain of Youth: History of a Geographic Myth’, Hispanic American Historical Review, xxi (1941), pp. 361–385.
1039
Долговременный (фр.).
1040
Encyclopaedia of Islam, new edition, s.v. ‘Djuggraffiya’; J. B. Harley and D. Woodward, eds, The History of Cartography, ii, I and II (Chicago, 1992).
1041
Cm. F. Fernandez-Armesto, Before Columbus: Exploration and Colonization from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic, 1229–1492 (Philadelphia, 1987); Millennium: A History of Our Last Thousand Years (New York, 1995), pp. 162–163; J. R. S. Phillips, European Expansion in the Middle Ages (Oxford, 1988); P. Chaunu, L'Expansion europeenne du xiiie au xve siecles (Paris, 1969), pp. 93–97.
1042
F. Fernandez-Armesto, ‘Spanish Atlantic Voyages and Conquests before Columbus’ в книге J. В. Hattendorf, ed., Maritime History, the Age of Discovery (Malabar, FI., 1996), p. 138.
1043
Ibid.,'pp. 137–147.
1044
F. Fernandez-Armesto, ‘Atlantic Exploration Before Columbus’ в книге G. R. Winius, ed., Portugal the Pathfinder (Madison, 1995), pp. 41–70.
1045
F. Fernandez-Armesto, Before Columbus: Exploration and Colonisation from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic, 1229–1492 (Philadelphia, 1987), pp. 245–252.
1046
A. Cortesao, Historia da cartografia portuguesa, 2 vols, (Coimbra, 1968–1970), ii, 150–152.
1047
J. Duyvendak, ‘The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early XVth Century’, Toung Pao, xxxiv (1938), pp. 399–412.
1048
C. Jack-Hinton, The Search for the Isles of Solomon (Oxford, 1965), p. 25; T. Heyerdahl, American Indians in the Pacific: the Theory behind the Коп-Tiki Expedition (London, 1952).
1049
R. Cormack and D. Glaze, eds, The Art of Holy Russia: Icons from Moscow, 1400–1660 (London, 1998), pp. 152–155.
1050
E. L. Dreyer, Early Ming China: a Political History, 1355–1435 (Stanford, 1982), pp. 67-120.
1051
C. Picard, UOcean atlantique musulman an moyen age (Paris, 1997), pp. 31–32.
1052
Ibid., pp. 393–458.
1053
E. J. Alagoa, ‘Long-distance Trade and States in the Niger Delta’, Journal of African History, xi (1970), pp. 319–329; ‘The Niger Delta States and their Neighbours’, в книге J. F. Ade Ajayi and M. Crowder, eds, History of West Africa, vol. I (Harlow, 1976), pp. 331–373; J. G. Campbell, A Short History of the Ilajes (London, 1970). Этой ссылкой я обязан доктору Айо-деи Олукоджу из университета Лагоса.
1054
R. W. Unger, The Art of Medieval Technology: Images of Noah the Shipbuilder (New Brunswick, NJ, 1991).
1055
R. W. Unger, ‘Portuguese Shipbuilding and the Early Voyages to the Guinea Coast’, в книге F. Fernandez-Armesto, ed., The European Opportunity (Aldershot and Brookfield, Vt., 1995), pp. 43–64; F. Fernandez-Armesto, ‘Naval Warfare after the Viking Age’ в книге М. H. Keen, ed., Medieval Warfare: a History, (Oxford, 1999), pp. 230-52; P. E. Russell, Prince Henry ‘the Navigator: a Life (New Haven, 2000), pp. 225–230.
1056
R. Barker, ‘Shipshape for Discoveries and Return’, The Mariner’s Mirror, lxxviii (1992), pp. 433–447.
1057
R. Laguarda Trias, El enigma de las latitudes de Colon (Valladolid, 1974).
1058
P. Adam, ‘Navigation primitive et navigation astronomique’, Vf colloque Internationale d'histoire maritime (Paris, 1966), pp. 91-110.
1059
T. Campbell, ‘Portulan Charts from the Late Thirteenth Century to 1500’, в книге J. В. Harley and D. L. Woodward, eds, The History of Cartography, I: Cartography in Prehistoric, Ancient and Medieval Europe and the Mediterranean (Chicago, 1987), pp. 371–463; Fernandez-Armesto, Before Columbus, op. cit., p. 15.
1060
F. Fernandez-Armesto, Columbus, op. cit., pp. 75–76.
1061
F. Fernandez-Armesto, ed., The Global Opportunity (Aldershot and Brookfield, Vt., 1995), pp. 1-93.
1062
A. W. Crosby, The Measure of Reality: Quantification and Western Society, 1250–1600 (Cambridge, 1997); F. Fernandez-Armesto, Truth: a History (London, 1997), pp. 120–160; J. Goody, The East in the West (Cambridge, 1996); самое широкое сопоставительное изучение «западного» и «восточного» образа мыслей можно найти в R. Collins, The Sociology of Philosophies (Cambridge, Mass., 1998).
1063
F. Fern&ndez-Armesto, Millennium: A History of Our Last Thousand Years (New York, 1995), pp. 283–308.
1064
М. H. Keen, Chivalry (New Haven, 1984).
1065
F. Femandez-Armesto, ‘The Sea and Chivalry in Late Medieval Spain’, в книге J. В. Hattendorf, ed., Maritime History, i: The Age of Discovery (Malabar, FI., 1996), pp. 137–148; ‘Exploration and Discovery’, в книге С. Allmand, ed., The New Cambridge Medieval History, vol. vii (Cambridge, 1998), pp. 175–201.
1066
F. Femandez-Armesto, ‘The Contexts of Coloumbus: Myth, Reality and Self-Perception’, в книге A. Disney, ed., Columbus and the Consequences of 1492. (Melbourne, 1994), pp. 7-19, особ. p. 10.
1067
F. Ferndndez-Armesto, ‘Inglaterra у el Atl&ntico en la baja edad media’, в книге A. Bethencourt Massieu et al., Canarias e Inglaterra a traves de la historia (Las Palmas, 1995), pp. 11–28.
