Хью Кеннеди - Великие арабские завоевания
Во многих отношениях примирение с властью мусульман было результатом их политики по отношению к врагу: капитуляция, принятие условий и выплата дани всегда оказывались предпочтительнее сопротивления до конца. Исламизация и арабизация, последовавшие за завоеваниями в следующие два или три века, не могли бы произойти без предварительного политического успеха, но не были продиктованным следствием завоевания. Напротив, это был постепенный, почти всегда мирный процесс, вызванный тем, что все больше людей желали приобщиться и идентифицироваться с доминирующей культурой своего времени.
В заключение скажем, что успех мусульманских завоеваний был результатом неустойчивого и несовершенного состояния всего послеримского мира, в который они вторглись, мужества и самоотверженности воинов-бедуинов и вдохновенности, сочетавшейся с открытостью для всех, новой веры — ислама.
Библиография
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