Шинтан Яу - Теория струн и скрытые измерения Вселенной
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Kachru, interview with author, September 8, 2007.
186
Liam McAllister (Princeton University), interview with author, February 20, 2007.
187
Joe Polchinski (University of California, Santa Barbara), interview with author, February 6, 2006.
188
David Gross, quoted in Dennis Overbye, “Zillions of Universes? Or Did Ours Get Lucky?” New York Times, October 28, 2003.
189
Burton Richter, “Randall and Susskind,” letter to editor, New York Times, January 29, 2006.
190
Leonard Susskind, The Cosmic Landscape (New York: Little Brown, 2006), pp. 354–355.
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Tristan Hubsch (Howard University), interview with author, November 7, 2008.
192
Mark Gross (Stanford University), interview with author, October 31, 2008.
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Gross, interview with author, September 19, 2008.
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Miles Reid (University of Warwick), interview with author, August 12, 2007.
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Allan Adams (MIT), interview with author, October 31, 2008.
196
Gross, interview with author, October 31, 2008.
197
Adams, interview with author, October 31, 2008.
198
Tristan Hubsch, e-mail letter to author, December 15, 2008.
199
Melanie Becker (Texas A&M University), interview with author, February 1, 2007.
200
Andrew Strominger (Harvard University), interview with author, February 7, 2007.
201
Li-Sheng Tseng (Harvard University), interview with author, December 17, 2008.
202
Becker, interview with author, February 1, 2007.
203
Polchinski, interview with author, January 29, 2007.
204
Strominger, interview with author, August 1, 2007.
205
Burt Ovrut (University of Pennsylvania), interview with author, February 2, 2007.
206
Geoffrey Landis, “Vacuum States,” Asimov's Science Fiction 12 (July 1988): 73–79.
207
Andrew R. Frey, Matthew Lippert, and Brook Williams, “The Fall of Stringy de Sitter,” Physical Review D. 68 (2003).
208
Sidney Coleman, “Fate of the False Vacuum: Semi-classical Theory,” Physical Review D. 15 (May 15, 1977): 2,929-2,936.
209
Steve Giddings (University of California, Santa Barbara), interview with author, September 24, 2007.
210
Matthew Kleban (New York University), interview with author, January 17, 2008.
211
Dennis Overbye, “One Cosmic Question, Too Many Answers,” New York Times, September 2, 2003.
212
Andrei Linde (Stanford University), interview with author, December 27, 2007.
213
Giddings, interview with author, October 17, 2007.
214
Shamit Kachru (Stanford University), interview with author, September 18, 2007.
215
Linde, interview with author, December 27, 2007.
216
Henry Tye (Cornell University), interview with author, September 12, 2007.
217
Linde, interview with author, January 10, 2008.
218
S. W. Hawking, “The Cosmological Constant,” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A. 310 (1983): 303–310.
219
Kleban, interview with author, January 17, 2008.
220
Steven B. Giddings, “The Fate of Four Dimensions,” Physical Review D. 68 (2003).
221
Geoffrey Landis, “Vacuum States,” Asimov's Science Fiction 12 (July 1988): 73–79.
222
Andrew R. Frey, Matthew Lippert, and Brook Williams, “The Fall of Stringy de Sitter,” Physical Review D. 68(2003).
223
Sidney Coleman, “Fate of the False Vacuum: Semi-classical Theory,” Physical Review D. 15 (May 15, 1977): 2,929-2,936.
224
Steve Giddings (University of California, Santa Barbara), interview with author, September 24, 2007.
225
Matthew Kleban (New York University), interview with author, January 17, 2008.
226
Dennis Overbye, “One Cosmic Question, Too Many Answers,” New York Times, September 2, 2003.
227
Andrei Linde (Stanford University), interview with author, December 27, 2007.
228
Giddings, interview with author, October 17, 2007.
229
Shamit Kachru (Stanford University), interview with author, September 18, 2007.
230
Linde, interview with author, December 27, 2007.
231
Henry Tye (Cornell University), interview with author, September 12, 2007.
232
Linde, interview with author, January 10,2008.
233
S. W. Hawking, “The Cosmological Constant,” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A. 310 (1983): 303–310.
234
Kleban, interview with author, January 17, 2008.
235
Steven B. Giddings, “The Fate of Four Dimensions,” Physical Review D. 68 (2003).
236
Текст этого и последующих комментариев до конца Главы 12 отсутствует в издании. Похоже, что и комментарии с начала этой главы неверны (прим. Vadi)
237
То же.
238
То же.
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То же.
240
То же.
241
То же.
242
То же.
243
То же.
244
То же.
245
То же.
246
То же.
247
То же.
248
То же.
249
То же.
250
То же.
251
Peter Goddard, ed., Paul Dirac: The Man and His Work (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998).
252
Eugene Wigner, “The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics in the Natural Sciences,” Communications in Pure and Applied Mathematics 13 (February 1960).
253
Chen Ning Yang, S. S. Chem: A Great Geometer of the 20th Century (Boston: International Press, 1998), p. 66.
254
Robert Osserman, Poetry of the Universe (New York: Anchor Books, 1996), pp. 142–143.
255
Richard P. Feynman, The Character of Physical Law (New York: Modern Library, 1994), p. 50.
256
Michael Atiyah, quoted in Patricia Schwarz, “Sir Michael Atiyah on Math, Physics and Fun,” The Official String Theory Web site, http://www.superstringtheory.com/people/atiyah.html.
257
Jim Holt, “Unstrung,” New Yorker, October 2, 2006, p. 86.
258
Michael Atiyah, “Pulling the Strings,” Nature 438 (December 22–29, 2005): 1,081.
259
Robert Mills, “Beauty and Truth,” in Chen Ning Yang: A Great Physicist of the 20th Century, ed. Shing-Tung Yau and C. S. Liu (Boston: International Press, 1995), p. 199.
260
Henry Tye (Cornell University), e-mail letter to author, December 19, 2008.
261
Brian Greene, interview by Ira Flatow, “Big Questions in Cosmology,” Science Friday, NPR, April 3, 2009.
262
К. C. Cole, “A Theory of Everything,” New York Times Magazine, October 18, 1987.
263
Nicolai Reshetikhin (University of California, Berkeley), interview with author, June 5, 2008.
264
Robbert Dijkgraaf (University of Amsterdam), interview with author, February 8, 2007.
265
Brian Greene, The Elegant Universe (New York: Vintage Books, 2000), p. 210.
266
Andrew Strominger (Harvard University), interview with author, August 1, 2007.
267
S. Ramanujan, “On Certain Arithmetic Functions,” Transactions of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 22 (1916): 159–184.
268
Lothar Goettsche, “A Conjectural Generating Function for Numbers of Curves on Surfaces,” November II, 1997, arXiv.org, Cornell University archives, http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/alg-geom/pdf/9711/9711012vl.pdf.
269
Ai-Ko Liu, “Family Blowup Formula, Admissible Graphs and the Enumeration of Singular Curves, I,” Journal of Differential Geometry 56 (2000): 381–579.
270
Bong Lian (Brandeis University), interview with author, December 12, 2007.
271
Michael Atiyah, “Pulling the Strings,” Nature 438 (December 22–29, 2005): 1,082.
272
Glennda Chui, “Wisecracks Fly When Brian Greene and Lawrence Krauss Tangle Over String Theory,” Symmetry 4 (May 2007): 17–21.
273
Sean Carroll, “String Theory: Not Dead Yet,” Cosmic Variance blog, Discover online magazine, May 24,2007, http://cosmicvariance.com.
274
Edward Witten, quoted in К. C. Cole, “A Theory of Everything,” New York Times Magazine, October 18, 1987.
275
Ibid.
276
Alan Guth (MIT), interview with author, September 13, 2007.
277
Brian Greene, The Elegant Universe (New York: Vintage Books, 2000), p. 261.
278
Max Tegmark (MIT), interview with author, October 23, 2007.
279
Faye Flam, “Getting Comfortable in Four Dimensions,” Science 266 (December 9, 1994): 1, 640.
280
Cumrun Vafa (Harvard University), interview with author, January 19, 2007.
281
Robbert Dijkgraaf (University of Amsterdam), interview with author, February 8, 2007.
